Abstract: Chloride ions in the cleanroom environment induce metal corrosion of integrated circuits, and cause wafer scrap events. In this paper, pattern wafers were designed to monitor critical ...

Abstract: A novel modeling methodology is developed for interconnect parasitic capacitances in rule-based extraction tools. Traditional rule-based extraction tools rely on pattern matching operations ...

Intriguing Sapphire from Montana, a New Source of Emerald in Central China, and Arkansas Turquoise Duncan Pay, Editor-in-Chief Reports on a new source of primary gem-quality sapphire from Montana, ...

Many of the central concepts of the Mormon religion are laid out in the Articles of Faith, a 13-point list of the Latter-day Saints' most important beliefs. These key elements of the faith include ...

Figure 1. This emerald contains a brown crystal of the rare mineral parisite. There is also an oil-filled cavity showing a blue and orange flash effect, along with two large trapped gas bubbles. This ...